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Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6(8):667-676
Original Article
Exfoliative cytology of oral epithelial cells from patients with type 2 diabetes:
cytomorphometric analysis
César Rivera, Camila Núñez-de-Mendoza
Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca,
Chile; Biomedical Sciences Master Program, Oral Pathology mention, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
Received July 26, 2013; Accepted August 15, 2013; Epub September 1, 2013; Published September 15, 2013
Abstract: This research objective is to identify cytomorphometrical changes using exfoliative cytology (EC) and later Papanicolaou
(Pap) staining, for oral epithelial cells of patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) (n = 30), while being compared to patients without the
disease (n = 30). Additionally, we investigated an association between cellular changes and salivary flow levels; relationship that until
now has not been reported. Results show that the cell diameter and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was significantly higher compared to
those patients without the disease (p ≤ 0.001 Student and Welch test). Decreased salivary flow was significantly associated with
increased cell diameter and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (p ≤ 0.001 ANOVA with Tukey test). Evidence and clinical observations show that
DM2 and decreased salivary flow are related to detectable cytomorphometrical changes in exfoliated cells, which may extend the
horizon of this cytological technique. (IJCEM1307020).
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2, cytological techniques, mouth mucosa, salivary flow, xerostomia
Address correspondence to: Dr. César Rivera, Universidad de Talca Campus Norte, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas,
Laboratorio de Morfología, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca 3460000, Región del Maule, Chile. ORCID 0000-0002-5491-4233. E-mail:
contacto@cesarrivera.cl
Original Article
Exfoliative cytology of oral epithelial cells from patients with type 2 diabetes:
cytomorphometric analysis
César Rivera, Camila Núñez-de-Mendoza
Unit of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca,
Chile; Biomedical Sciences Master Program, Oral Pathology mention, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
Received July 26, 2013; Accepted August 15, 2013; Epub September 1, 2013; Published September 15, 2013
Abstract: This research objective is to identify cytomorphometrical changes using exfoliative cytology (EC) and later Papanicolaou
(Pap) staining, for oral epithelial cells of patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) (n = 30), while being compared to patients without the
disease (n = 30). Additionally, we investigated an association between cellular changes and salivary flow levels; relationship that until
now has not been reported. Results show that the cell diameter and the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio was significantly higher compared to
those patients without the disease (p ≤ 0.001 Student and Welch test). Decreased salivary flow was significantly associated with
increased cell diameter and nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio (p ≤ 0.001 ANOVA with Tukey test). Evidence and clinical observations show that
DM2 and decreased salivary flow are related to detectable cytomorphometrical changes in exfoliated cells, which may extend the
horizon of this cytological technique. (IJCEM1307020).
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type 2, cytological techniques, mouth mucosa, salivary flow, xerostomia
Address correspondence to: Dr. César Rivera, Universidad de Talca Campus Norte, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas,
Laboratorio de Morfología, Avenida Lircay S/N, Talca 3460000, Región del Maule, Chile. ORCID 0000-0002-5491-4233. E-mail:
contacto@cesarrivera.cl
