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Int J Clin Exp Med 2012;5(4):296-305
Original Article
Development of targeted therapy for a broad spectrum of cancers (pancreas, ovary,
glioblastoma and HCC) mediated by a double promoter plasmid expressing
diphtheria toxin under the control of H19 and IGF2-P4 regulatory sequences
Doron Amit, Abraham Hochberg
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Biological Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel, 91904
Received June 6, 2012; Accepted July 22, 2012; Epub August 22, 2012; Published September 15, 2012
Abstract: Background: The human IGF2-P4 and H19 promoters are highly active in a variety of human cancers, while existing at a
nearly undetectable level in the surrounding normal tissue. Single promoter vectors expressing diphtheria toxin A-fragment (DTA) under
the control regulation of IGF2-P4 or H19 regulatory sequences (IGF2-P4-DTA and H19-DTA) were previously successfully used in cell
lines, animal models and recently in human patients with superficial cell carcinoma of the bladder, pancreatic cancer and ovarian
cancer (treated with H19-DTA). However this targeted medicine approach may be limited, as not all cancer patients express high levels
of H19 and it requires prerequisite diagnostic test for H19. Hence, a double promoter DTA-expressing vector was created, carrying on a
single construct two separate genes expressing the diphtheria toxin A-fragment (DTA), from two different regulatory sequences,
selected from the cancer-specific promoters H19 and IGF2-P4. Methods: H19 and IGF2-P4 gene expression was tested in cell lines of
a broad spectrum of different carcinomas (bladder, pancreas, ovary, glioblastoma and HCC), by RT-PCR. The therapeutic potential of
the double promoter toxin vector H19-DTA-(IGF2)-P4-DTA was tested in the different cancer cell lines. Results: The double promoter
vector exhibited superior tumor growth inhibition activity compared to the single promoter expression vectors, in the different cancer cell
lines furthermore, the double promoter vector H19-DTA-P4-DTA exhibited augmented-than-additive anti-cancer activity relative to single
promoter expression vectors carrying either DTA sequence alone, when tested in a broad spectrum of tumor cells. Conclusions: Our
findings show that administration of H19-DTA-P4-DTA has the potential to reach tumor cells, deliver its intracellular toxin without
targeting normal tissues, and thus may help reduce tumor burden, improve the quality of life of the patient; and prolong their life span.
As H19 and IGF2 were expressed in a broad spectrum of different cancers, therefore we propose a double promoter expression
approach for treating a variety of tumors expressing H19, IGF2, or both. According to this approach patients may be treated with a single
double promoter expression toxin vector which is under the control of the IGF2 and H19 regulatory sequences, differentially expressed
in those cancers. As the majority of the tumor cells express H19, IGF2, or both, therefore the use of prerequisite diagnostic test will be
unnecessary. (IJCEM1206002).
Keywords: IGF2, H19, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, diphtheria toxin A, targeted cancer
therapy
Address all correspondence to:
Dr. Doron Amit
The Department of Biological Chemistry
Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond Safra Campus
Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel, 91904.
E-mail: dyamit@gmail.com
Original Article
Development of targeted therapy for a broad spectrum of cancers (pancreas, ovary,
glioblastoma and HCC) mediated by a double promoter plasmid expressing
diphtheria toxin under the control of H19 and IGF2-P4 regulatory sequences
Doron Amit, Abraham Hochberg
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Biological Chemistry, Jerusalem, Israel, 91904
Received June 6, 2012; Accepted July 22, 2012; Epub August 22, 2012; Published September 15, 2012
Abstract: Background: The human IGF2-P4 and H19 promoters are highly active in a variety of human cancers, while existing at a
nearly undetectable level in the surrounding normal tissue. Single promoter vectors expressing diphtheria toxin A-fragment (DTA) under
the control regulation of IGF2-P4 or H19 regulatory sequences (IGF2-P4-DTA and H19-DTA) were previously successfully used in cell
lines, animal models and recently in human patients with superficial cell carcinoma of the bladder, pancreatic cancer and ovarian
cancer (treated with H19-DTA). However this targeted medicine approach may be limited, as not all cancer patients express high levels
of H19 and it requires prerequisite diagnostic test for H19. Hence, a double promoter DTA-expressing vector was created, carrying on a
single construct two separate genes expressing the diphtheria toxin A-fragment (DTA), from two different regulatory sequences,
selected from the cancer-specific promoters H19 and IGF2-P4. Methods: H19 and IGF2-P4 gene expression was tested in cell lines of
a broad spectrum of different carcinomas (bladder, pancreas, ovary, glioblastoma and HCC), by RT-PCR. The therapeutic potential of
the double promoter toxin vector H19-DTA-(IGF2)-P4-DTA was tested in the different cancer cell lines. Results: The double promoter
vector exhibited superior tumor growth inhibition activity compared to the single promoter expression vectors, in the different cancer cell
lines furthermore, the double promoter vector H19-DTA-P4-DTA exhibited augmented-than-additive anti-cancer activity relative to single
promoter expression vectors carrying either DTA sequence alone, when tested in a broad spectrum of tumor cells. Conclusions: Our
findings show that administration of H19-DTA-P4-DTA has the potential to reach tumor cells, deliver its intracellular toxin without
targeting normal tissues, and thus may help reduce tumor burden, improve the quality of life of the patient; and prolong their life span.
As H19 and IGF2 were expressed in a broad spectrum of different cancers, therefore we propose a double promoter expression
approach for treating a variety of tumors expressing H19, IGF2, or both. According to this approach patients may be treated with a single
double promoter expression toxin vector which is under the control of the IGF2 and H19 regulatory sequences, differentially expressed
in those cancers. As the majority of the tumor cells express H19, IGF2, or both, therefore the use of prerequisite diagnostic test will be
unnecessary. (IJCEM1206002).
Keywords: IGF2, H19, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, glioblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, diphtheria toxin A, targeted cancer
therapy
Address all correspondence to:
Dr. Doron Amit
The Department of Biological Chemistry
Institute of Life Sciences, Edmond Safra Campus
Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel, 91904.
E-mail: dyamit@gmail.com
